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| This chart reflects actual bending temperatures for regular self-supporting, large, and small cones depending on firing conditions and according to the Fahrenheit heating rates per hour during the last 90-120 minutes of firing. | ||||
| Heating rate °F/hour (last 90-120 minutes) | ||||
Soft Series | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-Supporting Cone | 108 Small | 270 Small | 108 Large | 270 Large |
| 022 | 1087 | 1094 | - | - |
| 021 | 1112 | 1143 | - | - |
| 020 | 1159 | 1180 | - | - |
| 019 | 1252 | 1283 | 1249 | 1279 |
| 018 | 1319 | 1353 | 1314 | 1350 |
| 017 | 1360 | 1405 | 1357 | 1402 |
| 016 | 1422 | 1465 | 1416 | 1461 |
| 015 | 1456 | 1504 | 1450 | 1501 |
| 014 | 1485 | 1540 | 1485 | 1537 |
| 013 | 1539 | 1582 | 1539 | 1578 |
| 012 | 1582 | 1620 | 1576 | 1616 |
| 011 | 1607 | 1641 | 1603 | 1638 |
Low Temp Series | ||||
| Self-Supporting Cone | 108 Small | 270 Small | 108 Large | 270 Large |
| 010 | 1657 | 1679 | 1648 | 1675 |
| 09 | 1688 | 1706 | 1683 | 1702 |
| 08 | 1728 | 1753 | 1728 | 1749 |
| 07 | 1789 | 1809 | 1783 | 1805 |
| 06 | 1828 | 1855 | 1823 | 1852 |
| 05½ | 1859 | 1877 | 1854 | 1873 |
| 05 | 1888 | 1911 | 1886 | 1915 |
| 04 | 1945 | 1971 | 1940 | 1958 |
| 03 | 1987 | 2019 | 1987 | 2014 |
| 02 | 2016 | 2052 | 2014 | 2048 |
| 01 | 2046 | 2080 | 2043 | 2079 |
Intermediate Temp Series | ||||
| Self-Supporting Cone | 108 Small | 270 Small | 108 Large | 270 Large |
| 1 | 2079 | 2109 | 2077 | 2109 |
| 2 | 2088 | 2127 | 2088 | 2124 |
| 3 | 2106 | 2138 | 2106 | 2134 |
| 4 | 2124 | 2161 | 2120 | 2158 |
| 5 | 2167 | 2205 | 2163 | 2201 |
| 5½ | 2197 | 2237 | 2194 | 2233 |
| 6 | 2232 | 2269 | 2228 | 2266 |
| 7 | 2262 | 2295 | 2259 | 2291 |
| 8 | 2280 | 2320 | 2277 | 2316 |
| 9 | 2300 | 2336 | 2295 | 2332 |
| 10 | 2345 | 2381 | 2340 | 2377 |
| 11 | 2361 | 2399 | 2359 | 2394 |
| 12 | 2383 | 2419 | 2379 | 2415 |
| Pyrometric cones have been used to monitor ceramic firings for more than 100 years. They are useful in determining when a firing is complete, if the kiln provided enough heat, if there was a temperature difference in the kiln, or if a problem occurred during the firing. | ||||
| Chart compliments of The Edward Orton, Jr. Ceramic Foundation. | ||||
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